Sliding caliper



April 1 1924;

W. HEYNE y SLIDING CALIP'ER 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 FFiled Aug. 1e.

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April 1 HEYN E SLIDING CALIPER 2/ Filed Alle 16 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 1, 1924: 1,488,984 W. HEYNE sLIDING CAMPER H543 Filed Aug. 1e. 1922 5 sheets-'sheet 4 26 /A/ VEA/row;

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April 1 1924'.`

1,488,984. w. HEYNE sLIDING CAMPER 7| l Filed Aug. 1s. 1922 5 sheets-sheet 5 f %l l F13. 7 L

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falli Patented ihpr, l, i924.

W'ILDY HEYHJE, OF'GOLGGNE, GER/MANY.

sunrise caminan.

Application filed August l5, 1922. Serial No. 582,177.

To all ifi/"wm t may concern:

Be it known that l, ldrrmr Hierna, a citizen of `Germany, and a resident oi Cologne, Germany, have invented a new and useful improvement in a Sliding Caliper, oi" which the following is a lull, clear, and exact speciiication, reference being` had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to calipers and more particularly to' a sliding caliper which is so designed that it may he used for multiplicity et useful purposes and when used as a caliper, affords more accurate measuring facilities.

Sliding calipers heretofore in use so tar as .i aware, measure the size ot the object placed between their jaws by showing the measurements on a scale or the like on one ot 'the jaw arms and by the use oil a nonius accuracy as high l/QO mm. may he obtained.. many instancesq however, it is found that finer measurements are required, and it is the object ot this invention to accomplish such liner measurements atteithe object to he treated has reached approximately the desired size. ln other Words, my caliper is used in the ordinary manner until the object has approximately reached the required size, after which a feeling7 contact is brought into operation so that measurement of the object may he obtained to an exactness olf l/lOO mm. This is accomplished hy means of a special scale and an indicatingl hand operable by the motion or" one of the jaws of the caliper.

For this purpose, according' to the present invention, a caliper device adjustable with a high degree of accuracy to the iinal measurements is placed 1oetvveen the rigid and the movable part of the sliding' caliper7 the stops oit the said caliper device not yet touching so loup; as the jaws of the sliding caliper are farther apart from each other than the proper measurement. its soon as the jaws ot the sliding caliper approximately reach the final distance to he measured, 'the stops come into contact With each other and impart motion to the indicating` hand. which shows on the special scale the difference in size or" the object to be measured with respect to the proper measurement to anaccuracy of l/lOO mm.

it is accordingly essential that the above mentioned caliper device itself does not come into contact at all with the object to be measured as has already vheen proposed 'for other kinds oi measuring tools. The advantage oi' this invention is that `the sliding gauge can first he used in its ordinary manner, and that the enhancedfmeasuring accuracy of the caliper contact-is used only when necessary, that is, when the article reached approximately the desired size. ln describing this invention, reference may he had to the accompanying drawings, :forming part oit this specification, and showing the preferred `lorm of my invention and -wherein like numerals refer to corresponding` parts throughout the same.

ln the drawings, y Figure l is a side elevation of the caliper. ligure 2 is'the same view with the cover removed and partially in section.

Figure 3 is a section on the line A-A of Fig.

Figure t is a rear view of Fig. l. Figure 5 is a section on the line B-B of Fig. ll.

Figure 6 is a section on the line C-C of Fig. e.

Figure 7 is a bottom vieu7 of Fig. e. Figures 8 and 9 are the lateral and overhead detailed vieivs ot the connecting levers oi the hand operating mechanism.

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic vievtr of the complete hand operating' connections.

Figure li is a rear view ot a portion of the sliding shaft d.

` Figure l2 is a section on the line F-F of Fig. l.

Figure 13 illustrates an application of the measuring' tool to a drawing board D.

Figure le illustrates the use of the measurine` implement as in inside caliper.

Entering; now .into a more detailed discussion ot' my invention, the rigid body a oi the caliper is provided With a stationary jaw .7) and slidaloly supports a shaft d therein, having at one end the jaw o which forms the sliding .ian/'y it the caliper. ln order to bring into operation, the more highly accurate measuring mechanism, the shaft d is provided on its rear face'with a shallow lon-i gitudinal groove e. At predetermined intervals throughout the length of the groove e are depressions or recesses g, one Wall ot 'which is undercut. For the sake of clearness, it may be supposed that these recesses g are spaced apart mm. ln the groove e a variable stop f is located and comprises an elongated strip, the iront end f of which kis the active edge of the stop. ln order to set the stop f in any desired position, l provide means for detachably securing the same in the groove e. This means comprises a projection h on the stop f which is adapted to seat in one of the depressions g and a foot 7c carried by the turning button z', on the shaft d, is adapted to be rotated so as to bring the foot into engagement with the undercut portion of the wall of the depression g and securely lock the stop in its adjusted position.

On the rear tace of the rigid body a is provided a micrometer screw m rotatably mounted in the tube o, and carried by the micrometer screw and movable longitudinally thereon by means oi screw threads is a stop m having the projection m thereon.

In order to facilitate setting ot the stop m,

the turning button p of the screw is provided with a scale (see Fig. a). rhus it. Will be seen that by turning the button p, the stop m and projection m may .be set to any place within the limits or' two or" the depressions g, or in other words, mm. at the most in the present case so that although the stop f can only be adjusted to i'ull distance of 50 mm., the stop m can be adjusted to any desired distance between the depressions g. The projection m on the stop m projects into the groove e so that as the jaws of the caliper approach each other, these members contact. Accordingly, if the dimension ot the object being treated is to be mm., the stop 7 is set to 50 mm.

Vand the stop la is set to l0 mm., by means ot the micrometer screw so that when the jaws Z; and c are shifted toward each other, the stops will contact'as shown in Figure 3 at the exact distance of 60 mm. noted that the micrometer screw m is so mounted in suitable bearings, that limited. longitudinal motion is allouf'ed as shown at a, Fig. 3j By permitting this longitudinal motion oi this screw, the stop m and projection m can dei/lect /l() mm. in both directions, that is, 6/10 mm. altogether. Thus, when the projection m and the edge f of the stop contact as described, and de- -fleet the micrometer screw 3/10 mm. in either direction, this motion is 'transmitted to a hand indicating mechanism by suitable linlr connection. rlhe hand mechanism indicating to an eXactness ot l/iOO nun. tl e l diiii'erence in size between the object and the iinal measurement. i plan of the connections tor transmitting the motion trom the micrometer screw to the han d is shown-in Fig l0 and comprises a caliper fence T havinii a channel on its lower lace and carried at the top Yolf the rigid trame a by means of lt is to be message tence is a downwardly projecting member g which has its lower end attached to the scrcwm so that deection ot' the screw moves the caliper tence T longitudinally owing to its pivotal connection with the angle brackets e and e. ln moving longitudinally the caliper tence T causes the angle brackets e and e to turn about their pivots t and a, and this turning movement ot the angle brackets, raises and lowers a. coupling rod 3i, which is also secured to the angle brackets o and '22" but at the points and rfhis motion ot the coupling rod 3l is in turn transmitted to the indicating hand y by mea-ns ot a lever w which is pivotally secured to the angle bracket 'u at the point u and normally lies within the channel 'formed in the caliper tence T. This lever w is connected intermediate its ends with one end oft the coupling rot. 3lV so that motion of the rod Bl upwardly and downwardly imparts to the lever w, a swinging movement about the pivot u. The other end et the lever i0 is secured to a coupling rod fc which is attached to the hand y, so that the hand is caused to swing across a suitable scale 2 upon deflection ot the microineter screw caused by the contact between the projection m and the edge f ot the vari* able stop. lt is to be noted that the pivot points r, s, t and u respectively, are disposed at the four angles ot a parallelogram. The hand swinging over the scale 2. which is graduated s0 that each marl; represents l/lOO mm. indicateshow many hundredths of a mm. the object to be measured varies from the desired size, the enact dimension being obtained when the han(L is in the middle position (Fig. i).

ln order to prevent the hand y from oscillating to and 'fro in its position ot rest betore the caliper device has come into operation, it is pressed by spring into one oi its end positions according to the nature oic the measuring to be done at the time. For this purpose, a regulator spring 3 (Figure d) is provided, which is held atl its rea-r extremity in an angle bracket l, which is piv otally secured at d to the rigid body a. ln order to turn the angle bracket l, l provide a button 5 (Figures el and (i), which catches in a 'forked notch ot the angle bra clret l, and

by means of the eccentric part 5, turns the angle bracket to the right or lett as desired.

The other end oiE the spring l is connected 12 to a rod l0, pivotally mounted in a suitable bearing and this rod l0 is in turn connected to the hand 1 1/ on the pin e. 'This turning movement is permitted since it is to be noted that the rod l0 is secured to the hand fj in advance ot its pivot point which is at e and consequently the spring 3 tends to pull the hand in one position or another'according to the movement imparted to the button 5.

ln measuring thicknesses such as is usually lessees performed by the jaws b and c, the regulator spring is so set that the hand y is in its position of rest at 0.3 nim. li then, on repeated treating, and measuring, the objecL in question, the jaws Y) and c gradually approach each other, the hand will begin to move as soon as the object only has to be reduced 0.5. ln these last 0.3 inni. the thickness of the object to be measured is shown by the hand to an eXa-ctness of 1/100 anni.

lt is understood, ot course, that before the accurate measuring device comprising the hand g/ is used :tor measuring thicknesses as exact as 1/190 nun., the result of the dinary measuring is i'irst shown to an exactness of 1/20 min. by means oi the nonius 1l (Fig. 1), on the scale oi he sliding shaft d visible in the winrflcw el.

lt is evident that the accurate measuring by means of the hand v/ is only reliable when the moving` of the shalt ci inside of the rigid part a of the sliding caliper is as accurate as possible and does not loseits accuracy because of constant use. ln order to protec the shaft from wear, which has heretofore been a constant objection, l provide two sliding pieces 12 and 18 in the rigid part of the sliding caliper above and below the shaft (Fig. 2). The sliding piece 12, near one oi its ends, can be made to approach the sliding shaft by tightening a screw 1li, and at its other end by tightening the screw 15 which will prevent objectionable play ot the sliding shaft d. The sliding piece 18 is oit section as shown in Fig. 5 according to which it bears against the lower edge oi the shaft (Z in a middle strip whereas at both sides the sliding path of the shari-t is not torn-hed when it is shifted. Below the sliding piece 18 is mounted a spring 16, whicli'constantly urges the sliding piece 13 upward against the shaft d. ln ordinary use, therefore, when the shaft d slides backward and orward in the rigid part ai ci' the sliding caliper, the lateral longitudinal edges of its lower surface do not come in Contact with the resting surface 17 (Fig. 2) and accordingly cannot wear. llow, if the Vshalt Z is set tightly by means of the thumb screw 18, the above mentioned 'longitudinal edges come into contact with the resting surface- 17. By this means the absolute accuracy and exaetness of tne shaft edges necessaryv for measuring are fully maint at the same time, means are provided whereby the edges nay be brought together lor the purpose insuring accurate measuring.

has been quite common heretofore, to construct slidng calipers vith cans for n'ieasuring but in my invention, these angles may be measured with a greater deof accuracy, because 'of the fact that he same sector scale 2 on which the hand g/ plays can also be used for the purpose of measuring the angle. In order to accomied, while plish this, l provide a clamp 22 vpivoted on the axle .e or' the hand, and provided with a screw 23 by means of which angle squares and 21 (Figs. 1 and Ll) may be securely held in clace. The clamp 22 is provided with an arm at the end ci which is a. nonius which plays on the sector scale 2. By clamp.- ing either oi? the squares 20er 21 in the clamp 22, Figs. 1 and lall angles up to 1800 nonins 13.,

can be nicas "red by means ori the square 2O has an angle ol' 900 and O -1 Ll since tie the square an angle of 13530. filter ene clamp 22 has been rotated about the axle to measure tl 'l in place b, may be tig adjusted position.. by the axle shown in cross section in lfig. 12. This cross section is also shown in ig. 'l' and illustrates the construction ofthe asile e which carried out in 'front ol" the rigid body and is provided with a return bend e. The rearends oi the members e and c are connectedl together' by means oll lined joints 22.

According to the toregoing description, the sliding caliper can be used for a multiplicity of nsefu purposes inview of the construction of the caliper' l'ence T. For instance in Fig. 13, the sliding caliper is shown as used on a drawing board by being connected to a foot 26 which is believed to be of well known construction and hence does not need description. However, in view oi' the accurate ineasurino which can be accomplished by the present invention, it is always possible to control the objects treated to an enactness of l/lOO inni. ln Fig. 13 which shows the caliper used on the drawing board, feeling pins 27 and 28 can be attached to the caliper 'fence rl. These Yfeeling pins comprise clamping jaws adapted toengage the caliper fence and are capable oiE sliding adjustment thereon. ln order to hold the means of the screw which tened to lock the clamp in its rEhe screw is carried `feeling pins in their adjusted position, a

locking screw is provided for tightening the clamping jaws against the sides of the caliner ifence. Fig. 13 Vliurther shows the use of ak leeling pin 30 which is perpendicular to the caliper i'ence T and which is secured therein by means insertine' one end th rect in the opening 30 provided for that purpose (see Fig. 9). rllhis feeling pin 30 as shown by Fig. 10, is attached to tne coupling rod 31, connecting it to angle brackets 'u and o of the joint parallelograin. The points 32 and 33 in which this 'coupling rod connects with the angle brackets are exactly equally distant from the rigid pivot points u and t. in this way, a second parallelograin is produced which is linked to the lirst and whereby the coupling rod 31 is always exactly parallel to the caliper fence T, so that the movement oi the feeling pin 30 is at all times perpendicular to the caliper fence T. The

CTI

ne angle desired, it may be held arrangement or the coupling rod 3l. is clearly shown in Fig. S) and it is to be noted that the bolts s and t pass through the above inentioned coupling,v rod without touching the saine, since the openings in the coupling rod through which the bolts s and t pass are larger in diameter tha the said bolts. There-- tore, in view of the tact Ahat the feeling pin works in coopera ion with the caliper fence rl, which is in turn co" nec to the hand y, any inaccuracy einen ng to l/lOO min. is in'nnediately imlicated by means or' the hand lit is also to notet that by means oit this arrangement, articles may be inspected on a drawing board and vertical as well as lateral measure-ments taken 'with the same decree ot' accuracy.

In Fig. le, l have illustrated the sliding caliper as described herein in use an inside caliper. ln using my invention for this p pose, the movable jaw c is removed and in its place a point is placed on the sliding` sliaitt d and the other point is attached to tire caliper fence T by means oiI clamping rangement similar to the clanipi errancenient or the reeling pins de cribed above and it is to be seen that the s oi' a boring` 87 can be controlled with regard to its ac- Vcuracy up to l/lOO min. since the caliper 'fence T and the hand y connected tnerewith, are also employed in vthis use ot t ie instrir ment.

It is readily seen therefore, that the instrument described herein may be readily used for all lrinds ot accurate work and par ticularly for such work in which the lest stages require extremely accurate measui'ng, which during the early stages was not necessary and although this invention has been illustrated quite speciiically it is to be understood that minor changes as to the details of construction can be resorted to without departure from the spirit or' the invention as defined in the claims hereto appended.

Having now more fully des ribed and ascertained the nature ot my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, l declare that what claim is:

l. ln a sliding caliper, a 'frame provided with a jaw, a slidable jaw within the frame, a stop on the slidable jaw, and stop adjustably carried by the iframe and means operable upon contact ot the stops after the predetermined point has been reached by the slidingl jaw to indicate the diiierence between the proper and the actual size or the work:

2. in a sliding caliper, a frame provided with a rigid jaw, a cooperating jaw slidable within the ame., a micrometer screw on the and an indicating hand connected to and operable by the micrometer screw, a stop on the screw, and variable stop on the sliding; aw contacting with the stop on the micrometer screw to operate the indicatingl hareL when the jaws approach each other to the distance to which screw has been set.

i; caliper, 'ame provided un a cooper i jaw slidable wi' 1^ 'traine and haringl a longitudinal ein and recesses communicating ln sliding caliper, a frame provided jaw, a cooperating jaw slidable i ame, a variable stop on the .,v, micrometer' screw on the trame )roiection adapted to conta-ct with le stop, a caliper fence connected he rrarno and connected to the micrometer "ew and operable upon n'iovement of the iper tence to indicate the difference bein the proper and the actual size of the u) i and adjustable resilient means for norl inaily holding the indicating hand in its upper or lower end positions.

5. ln a sliding caliper, a trame provided with a rigid jaw, a cooperating jaw slidable on the frame, a strip'above the slidable 'jaw adjustable relative thereto to prevent lateral movement tl erect, a second strip below the said jaw comprising' a central rib contacting with thecentrai portion of the lower face of the ja'w, means for adjustinu the jaws and a spring .normally urging the rib or the sail lower strip against the lower face of the sliding` jaw to raise the same out of contact with the trame to eliminate wear.

ln testimony whereoi l have signed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

l/VlLLY HEYNE. lllfitnesses -l-lnnnr ld?. HAN, Eine llovsnnr. 

